You can simulate the I2C protocol manually by writing specific values to specific addresses. By using a generic I2C debugger or monitor in Proteus, you can write a script that listens to the I2C bus and, when it detects a read request from your microcontroller, responds with pre-defined temperature data.
Would you like more details on the I2C communication protocol or tips for using Proteus's debugging tools? mlx90614 proteus library